10th Artillery Regiment
Civil War
Black River Artillery; Jefferson County Regiment

History
The following is taken from New York in the War of the Rebellion, 3rd ed. Frederick Phisterer. Albany: J. B. Lyon Company, 1912.

Organized by consolidation of existing units, the 4th, 5th, and 7th battalions of artillery: December 31, 1862.
Mustered out: June 23, 1865.

This regiment was organized December 31, 1862, of the 4th, 5th and 7th Battalions of Artillery, and Alexander Piper appointed its Colonel. The battalions had been organized at Sackett's Harbor in September, 1862, and the consolidation was effected under the orders of the War Department, dated December 27, 1862. The companies were mustered into the service of the United States for three years; at Sackett's Harbor, A, B, C, D, E, F, G and M September nth; H and I September 12; at Staten Island, Company K November 12, and at Fort Schuyler, Company L December 27, 1862.

They were recruited principally: A — originally Company A 5th Battalion, or 2d Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Watertown; B — originally D 4th Battalion, or 1st Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Rodman, Adams, Lorraine and Worth; C — originally C 5th Battalion, or 2d Battalion Black River Artillery — at Antwerp, Evan's Mills, LeRay and Philadelphia; D — originally B 4th Battalion, or 1st Battalion Black River, Artillery—at Champion, Croghan, Diana, Rutland and Wilna; E — originally A 4th Battalion, or 1st Battalion Black River, Artillery — Ellisburgh and Henderson; F — originally D 5th Battalion, or 2d Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Alexandria and Theresa; G — originally B 5th Battalion, or 2d Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Clayton and Orleans; H — originally A 7th Battalion, or 4th Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Antwerp, Adams, Boonville, Houndsfield, Watertown and Worth; I — originally B 7th Battalion, or 4th Battalion Black River, Artillery—-at Brownville and Houndsfield; K — originally C 7th Battalion, or 4th Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Watertown, Cape Vincent, Clayton, Orleans, Rutland, Pamelia, LeRay and Osceola; L — originally D 7th Battalion, or 4th Battalion Black River, Artillery—at Ellisburgh, Henderson, Adams, Watertown, Lynn, Cape Vincent and Houndsfield, and M — originally C 4th Battalion, or 1st Battalion Black River, Artillery — at Cape Vincent, Pamelia and Lynn.

The 4th Battalion served at Fort Richmond and Sandy Hook, New York harbor, from September, 1862, until June, 1863, when it joined the other battalions; the 5th and 7th Battalions left the State September 17, 1862, and served in the defenses of Washington, D. C., and 3d Brigade, Haskins' Division, 22d Corps, from that time. The regiment, having left Washington May 24, 1864, served in the 4th Brigade, 1st Division, 18th Corps, from June 5, 1864; in the 1st Brigade, 2d Division, 18th Corps, from June 24, 1864; in the 1st Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22d Corps, from August, 1864; in the 2d Brigade, Provisional Division, with the Army of the Shenandoah, from September 27, 1864; and in the 2d Brigade, Ferrero's Division, Army of the James, at Bermuda Hundred, from December, 1864, as heavy artillery and infantry.

June 23d, 1865, the regiment, commanded by Lieut-Col. George DePeyster Arden, was honorably discharged and mustered out at Petersburg, Va.; the men not entitled to be discharged then, were transferred to Companies E, F and G, and these were assigned to the 6th N. Y. Volunteer Artillery, second organization, as Companies E, F and G, respectively, July 19, 1865.

During its service the regiment lost by death, killed in action, 26 enlisted men; of wounds received in action, 21 enlisted men; of disease and other causes, 2 officers, 218 enlisted men; total, 2 officers, 265 enlisted men; aggregate, 267; of whom 2 enlisted men died in the hands of the enemy.

Battles and Casualties Table from Phisterer

Civil War Newspaper Clippings

Unit Roster

Further Reading
This is meant to be a comprehensive list. If, however, you know of a resource that is not listed below, please send an email to int-historians@ng.army.mil with the name of the resource and where it is located. This can include photographs, letters, articles and other non-book materials. Also, if you have any materials in your possession that you would like to donate, the museum is always looking for items specific to New York's military heritage. Thank you.

Austin, Zadok B. Diary, 1865.
Abstract: Diary concerns camp life, battles, and encounters with freedmen. Covers period January 1-July 7, 1865.
Located at Auburn Universtiy.

Cooper, John, C. and Family. Papers, 1850-1901.
Abstract: These papers consist of correspondence between members of the Cooper family. These letters primarily contain information about everyday life. There are many letters between Uri Gilbert and his wife, Millie. Uri had a business in which he traveled to various states for extended periods of time. Also contained are letters from Dealton Cooper regarding his experiences as a soldier during the Civil War. From Dealton's letters one may conclude how black soldiers were treated unfairly during the Civil War. Dealton gives an account of how, when a group of fifty to sixty black soldiers joined his regiment some of these soldiers were shot on the spot for not halting when told to do so. The post Civil War letters talk about everyday life.
Located at the New York State Libary.

Gegoux, Theodore. "Colonel Alexander Piper 10th New York." 2001. Théodore Gégoux (1850 - 1931) Art Gallery. 19 April 2005. <http://www.gegoux.com/col.htm>.

Gilmore, Horace Orville. Papers, 1864-1865
Abstract: Collection of letters, most written to Gilmore's wife Lucy M. in Dexter, Jefferson County, N.Y. The letters describe camp life, battles, current events, and family matters.
Located at the New York State Libary.

Provost-Marshall's Office (Petersburg Va.); Hall, A. P. Census of residents and buildings in Petersburg, Va. 1865 April 18.
Number of Pages: 1
Abstract: A. P. Hall, 2nd Lieut, 10th New York Artillery assigned to the Headquarters of the Asst. Provost Marshall's Office, 2nd section of Petersburg, Va., compiled a list of 2nd section residents and property owners, and their positions in the "so-called Confederate government."
The list contains the names of the city mayor W. W. Towns; Confederate officers, soldiers, militia and alleged deserters; professionals; railroad workers; and freedmen. The census also lists unoccupied commercial buildings including stores, small businesses, tobacco factories, and a hospital occupied by the 10th New York.
Located at the University of Virginia.

Savage, Joseph H.. Joseph H. Savage collection.
Abstract: This collection consists of Civil War records, dating 1865-1899, of Joseph H. Savage. The collection includes his discharge papers from Company A, 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery (Feb. 27, 1865); a letter from the Pension Office (Apr. 18, 1881); a card from the Bureau of Pensions acknowledging his request for pension increase and a letter from the Bureau (June 6, 1899) informing him of the increase; a form notice from the Detroit pension agent instructing veterans on applying for new pension certificate; and a letter from the Bureau (June 20, 1899) rejecting his claim for a disability pension. The collection is arranged chronologically.
Located at the State Archives of Michigan.

Webb, Edward P., Deborah Quick and the Historical Association of South Jefferson. History of the 10th Regiment, NY Heavy Artillery, from Madison Barracks to Appomatox, with reminiscences, &c. Adams, NY: Historical Association of South Jefferson, 1997.

Webb, Edward P. History of the 10th regiment N.Y. heavy artillery, from Madison barracks to Appomat-tox, with reminiscences, &c., by E. P. Webb, late Cap't 10th artillery. Watertown, Post Book and job print., 1887.

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